f′ = f·(v + v_o) / (v − v_s) positive speeds = moving toward the other → higher pitch

Doppler Effect: Frequency shift from a moving source or observer. This free calculator solves for Observed frequency, speeds and shows every step.

The physics

Relative motion between a wave source and an observer compresses or stretches the waves, raising or lowering the observed frequency — the rising-then-falling pitch of a passing siren. For light, the same effect gives the redshift of receding galaxies and the basis of police radar.

Sign convention used here: enter a speed as positive when that body is moving toward the other, and negative when moving away.

Worked example

Siren f = 700 Hz, source approaching at v_s = 30 m/s, still observer, v = 343 m/s. f′ = 700·343 / (343 − 30) ≈ 767 Hz.

Common uses

Police and weather radar, sonar, medical Doppler ultrasound, astronomy (galactic redshift), speed cameras.

Frequently asked questions

What is the formula for Doppler Effect?

Doppler Effect uses the formula f′ = f·(v + v_o) / (v − v_s). Frequency shift from a moving source or observer.

How do you calculate Doppler Effect?

Choose which variable to solve for, enter the values you know (in any supported unit), and the calculator substitutes them into f′ = f·(v + v_o) / (v − v_s) and shows every step of the working. It can solve for Observed frequency, speeds.

Is the Doppler Effect calculator free to use?

Yes — every Physics Fundamentals calculator is completely free, with no login, no ads and no usage limits.